Oracle加密技術(shù)是密O密技一種用于保護數據庫中敏感信息的安全措施,它可以確保即使數據被盜或泄露,術(shù)保也無(wú)法被未經(jīng)授權的重信人員解讀,Oracle提供???了多種加密技術(shù),密??O密技包括透明數據加密(TDE)、術(shù)保數據庫加密、重信列加密等,密O密技本文將詳細介紹??這些技術(shù),術(shù)保并提供一些實(shí)用的重信教學(xué)指南。
(圖片來(lái)源網(wǎng)絡(luò ),密O密技侵刪)1、術(shù)保透明數據加密(TDE)
透明數據加密是重信Oracle提供的一種基于磁盤(pán)的(′?ω?`)加密技術(shù),它可以(yi)在不修改應用程序的密O密技情況下對整個(gè)數據庫進(jìn)行加密,TDE使用服務(wù)器端的術(shù)保密鑰來(lái)加密和解密數據,因此不需要在客戶(hù)端安裝任何額外的重信軟件。
要使用TDE,首先需要創(chuàng )建一個(gè)密鑰存儲庫,用于存儲加密和解密所需的密鑰,可以使用Oracle提供的默認密鑰存儲庫,也(ye)可以創(chuàng )建自己的密鑰存儲庫,接下來(lái),需要在數據庫中啟用TDE,并為其分配一個(gè)密碼,需要將需要加密的表空間添加到TDE策略中。
以下是創(chuàng )建密鑰存儲庫和使用TDE的示例:
創(chuàng )建密鑰存儲庫CREATE KEYSTORE my_keystore WITH ENCRYPTION BY PAS??SWORD 'my_password' UNLIMITED ACCESS;啟用TDEALTER DATABASE ENABLE EDITIONING ON;ALTER DATABAS( ???)E ADD EDITION TO MY_TABLESPACE USING MY_KEYSTORE;
2、數據庫加密
數據庫加密是一種用于保護數據庫中的敏感數據的技術(shù),它使用服務(wù)器端的密鑰對數據進(jìn)行??加密和解密,與TDE不同,數據庫加密需要修改應用程序以使用加密的數(shu)據。
要使用數據庫加密,首先需要在數據庫中啟用數據庫加密功能,需要為每個(gè)需要進(jìn)行加密的表空間創(chuàng )建一個(gè)加密區域,需要修改應用程序以使用加密的數┐(′ー`)┌據。
以下是啟用數據庫加密和創(chuàng )建加密區域的示例:
啟用數據庫加密ALTER SYST???EM SET DB_BLOCK_CHECKING = OFF SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_CREDENTIAL_REUSE = FALSE SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST = '/u01/app/oracl??e(′;ω;`)/oradata/ORCL/dbfileencrypt' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER?? SYSTEM SET DB_CREATE_ONLINE_LOG_DEST_1='location=/u01/(′▽?zhuān)?app??/oracle/or??adata/ORCL/redolog' SCOP??E=SP??FILE;ALTER SY(′?ω?`)STEM SET DB_DOMAIN = 'ORCL' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_FIREWALL = ON SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_NAME = 'orcl' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER(′▽?zhuān)?) SYSTEM SET DB_(◎_◎;)RECOVERY_FILE_DEST┐(′д`)┌ = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/fast_recovery_area' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_PARAMETERS='DB_RECOVER??Y_FILE_DEST=/??(T_T)u0??1/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/fast_recovery_area' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_RECOVERY_TIME = 0 SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME = 'orcl' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEMヽ(′ー`)ノ SET FGA_MAXMEMSIZE = '4G' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET FG(T_T)A_MEMSIZE = '2G' SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET ORACLE_HOME = '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1' SCOPE=SPFILE;(?⊿?)ALTER SYSTEM SET ORACLE(╬ ò﹏ó)_SID = 'orcl' SC(′ω`*)OPE=SPFIL??E;AL??TER SYSTEM SET SQLNET_EXPIRE_TIM(⊙_⊙)E = 86400 SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET SQLNET_INBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 30 SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET SQLNET_LOGIN_TIMEOUT = 180 SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET SQLNET_OUTBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 30 SCOPE=SPFILE;ALTER SYSTEM SET X$KSMXPI = 'TRUE' SCOPE=SPFILE;GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER AN??Y DICT(?Д?)IONARY TO c##myuse??r IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER ANY PROCEDURE TO c##myuseヽ(′ー`)ノr IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER ANY SEQUENCE TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER ANY TRIGGER TO c##m??yuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER ANY TYPE TO c##??myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT ALTER ANY VOLATILE PROCEDURE TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;G(′▽?zhuān)?)RANT AUDIT ANY TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypas(′?ω?`)sword;GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE, DBA TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT FLASHBACK?? ARCHIVE ADMINISTRATOR TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT FLASHBACK ARCHIVE DEVICE ADMINISTRATO??R TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT FLASHBACK ARCHIVE OPERATOR?? TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRA??NT FLAS??HBACK ARCHIVE PRIVILEGES TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT IMPLICIT CRUD DML ON SCHEMA Cmyschema TO cmyuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT QUOTA(?_?;) ON Cmyschema TO cmyuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT UNLIM??ITED UTL_TCP TO c##myuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;GRANT WAIT ON SEQUENCE Cmyschema.MYSEQUEN??CE TO cm??yuser IDENTIFIED BY mypassword;創(chuàng )建加密區域CREATE(?_?;) CL??USTER MyEncryptedData (ENCRYPTED) DENSITY FACTOR 16 KEEP PHYSICAL NODES NODES ALL NODES; NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定(ding)的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;A???LL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域(???);ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參(can)與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不??參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加(?????)密??區域;NODES表(biao)示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES AL??L NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密區域;ALL NODES表示所有節點(diǎn)都不參與加密區域;NODES ALL NOD??ES表示所有節點(diǎn)都參與加密區域;NODES表示只有指定的節點(diǎn)參與加密