Cent( ?ω?)OS系統下怎樣打開(kāi)端口

在CentOS系統中，何打我們可以通過(guò)修改防火墻規則來(lái)實(shí)現開(kāi)放端口，開(kāi)端口這里以開(kāi)放TCP端口為例，何打介紹如何使用iptables命令來(lái)實(shí)現。開(kāi)端口

1、何打查看當前防火墻狀態(tài)：

sudo systemctl status firewalld

2、開(kāi)端口如果防火墻處于運行狀態(tài)，何打執行以下(?⊿?)命令關(guān)閉防火墻：

sudo sy??stemctl stop firewalld

3、開(kāi)端口接下來(lái)，何打執行以下??命令開(kāi)放指定端口(以開(kāi)放T??CP端口(╯°□°）╯︵ ┻━┻80為例):

sudo iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

4、開(kāi)端口重新啟動(dòng)防火墻：

sudo systemctl start fi??rewalld

至此，何打我們已經(jīng)成功開(kāi)放了TCP端口80，開(kāi)端口如果需要開(kāi)放其他端口，何打只需將上述命令中的開(kāi)端口--dport 80替換為相應的端??口號即可。

如何查看已開(kāi)放的何打端口

在CentOS系統中，我們可以使用以下命令查看已開(kāi)放的端口：

sudo netstat -tuln | grep LISTEN

如何關(guān)閉已開(kāi)放的端口

如果需要關(guān)閉已開(kāi)放的端口，可以使用以下命令(以關(guān)閉TCP端口80為(′?ω?`)例):

sudo iptables -D INPUT -p tc??p --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

相關(guān)問(wèn)題與解答

1、如何開(kāi)啟HTTPS服務(wù)？

答：要在CentOS系統中開(kāi)啟HTTPS服務(wù)，我們需要先安裝Nginx和SSL證書(shū)，具體步驟如下：

(1)安裝EPEL源：

sudo yum ins??tall epel(′?｀)-release

sudo yum install nginx

(3)安裝SSL證書(shū)，這里以L(fǎng)et’s Encrypt為例，首先安裝Certbo(′?｀)t工具：

sudo yum install certbot python2-certbot-nginx

sudo certbot --apache --agree-to??s --red??irect --renew-by-??default --email your_em??[email protected] --domain example.com --standalone -d ex??am(′ω｀)ple.com -d www.example.com -d *.examp(′▽?zhuān)?le.com --cert-name example.com --rsa-key-size 4096 --webroot-path /var/www/html/public_html --??upload-h??ook "/usr/bin/certbot-apache" --p(′?_?`)ost-hook "/usr/bin/cer(′▽?zhuān)?)tbot-renew-hook" --force-r??enewal true --re??new-hook "/usr/bin/certbot-renew-hook" --no-ef(????)f-email --man(′_｀)ual --preferred-challenges http challege.dn??(′▽?zhuān)?spod??.cn false && sudo service nginx restart &amヽ(′?｀)ノp;& sudo service certbot restart &???;& sudo service httpd resta??rt && sudo service php7 restart && sudo service php5 restart && sudo service mysql restart && sudo serviヽ(′▽?zhuān)?ノce vsftpd restart && sudo service ssh restart && sudo service proftpd restar(′?｀*)t && sudo service postfix restart && sudo service dovecot restart &??;& sudo service sendmail restart && sudo service mariadb restart && sudo service nagios restart && sudo service nagios3 restart && sudo service nagios4 restart && sudo service nagios5 restart &a(O_O)mp;& sudo service nagi(′?ω?`)os6 restart && sudo service nagioscfg restart && sudo servi(╬?益?)ce open='open'ldap rest(′?_?`)art && sudo service slapd restart? && sudo service saslauthd restart && sudo serviceヽ(′▽?zhuān)?/ saslpasswd restart && sudo service saslacl restart && sudo service sasldb restart && sudo service saslcommon restart && sudo service saslrpc restart && sudo service saslgssapi restart && sudo service subversion restart && sudo service zookeeper restart && sudo service java restart &&a??mp; sud??o service php5-fpm restart && sudo service php7-fpm restart" --webroot -w /var/www/html/public_html --logs-dir /var/log/letsencrypt --text --rene( ?ω?)w-hook "/usr/bin/certbot-renew-hook" --register-unsafely-without-email --agree-tos --force-renewal true --post-hook "/usr/bin/certbot-post-hook" --webroot-path=/var/www/html/public_html --webroot-h??ost=example.com?? --domain=exam??ple.com [email protected] --rsa-keysize=4096 --server https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory > /dev/null 2>&1 & sleep ${ LETSENCRYPT_SLEEP}" || echo "Failed to get certificate&quヽ(′▽?zhuān)?ノot; && exit 1; done; ```(5)配置Nginx支持HTTPS:編??輯Nginx配置文件(通常位于/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.cヽ(′?｀)ノonf或/etc/nginx/sites-available/d(′ω｀)efault),在server塊中添加以下內容：
server {  listen 80; server_name examヽ(′▽?zhuān)?ノple.com www.example.com; return 301 https://$h( ?ヮ?)ost$request_uri;}server { listen 443 ssl; server_name example.com www.ex??ample.com;ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem;ssl_certificate_key /etc/let(??ヮ?)?*:???sencrypt/li??ve/example.com/privkey.pem;location ^~ /.htaccess{ allow all;}} location ~ .php$ { incluヾ(′ω｀)?de snippets/fastcgi-php???.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; fastcgi??_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fa(′▽?zhuān)?stcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params;} location ~ .ht {  deny allヾ(′?｀)?;} error_page 404 /404.html; error_page 500 50ヽ(′?｀)ノ2 ba( ?° ?? ?°)d gateway; error_page 503 no such address; error_page 503 server not available; location = /50x.html{ internal};} location ~.(?i:g??if|jpe?g|png|css|ico|xml)??$ {  access_log off; log_not_found off; expires max; add_header Pragma public; add_header Content-Disposition &qu(′?｀*)ot(′_｀);attachment";} location ~ .(?i:text|htm|htm(′?｀)l|xml)$ {  access_log off; log_not_found off; expires max;} location ~ .(?i:php|phtml|sh)$ {  access_log off; log_not_found off; exp(′?｀)ires max; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_buffer_size 16k; fastcgi_buffers 4 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_wri??te_size 128k; fastcgi_(′?｀*)connect_??timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; include fastcgi_params;} gzip on;?? gzip_types text/plain text/css?? application/* app(′_｀)lication/x-javascript text/xml application/* text/* applicati(′▽?zhuān)?on/* image/* application/* video/* application/* audioヽ(′?｀)ノ/* application/* font/*}```然后重啟Nginx服務(wù)
sudo systemctl restartngi??nx || echo "Failed to reload Nginx" && exit 1;fi```